Explore the UNESCO World Heritage Sites in Turkey
Turkey is a treasure trove for ancient Greek and Roman ruins, historical remains and heritage sites. Majority of Turkey's land is filled with such monuments. Out of all the wonders offered by the country, 22 sites have been inscribed to the list of UNESCO World Heritage Sites. Here are a few of the UNESCO World Heritage Sites in Turkey, each carrying the country’s past and lasting glory.
Aphrodisias
Aphrodisias is an ancient Greek city located in Karacasu, in the Caria region of southwestern Turkey. The city is named after the Greek Goddess Aphrodite. Thus, it holds great significance in terms of history, mythology, and culture dating back to the 6th century B.C. The city played a prominent role during the Roman Empire period. Besides the ruins, the city was home to public buildings, museums, lower towns, markets, etc. Among them, the Temple of Aphrodite and the Greek Stadium, with a capacity of 30,000 spectators, become the central attraction.
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Archaeological Site of Ani
The ruins of Ani, also quoted as The City of 1001 Churches, is located in the northeast of Turkey. The historic ruins of the medieval period form natural borders with America. The history of the city dates back to the 5th century A.D. The city was surrounded by fertile valleys, and the geographical location made it one of the important centers on the Silk Road into Anatolia. The archaeological remains of the historic site mirror the diverse culture of American, Islamic, and Georgian traditions. The site also includes the ruins of the church, Kamsaragan palace, fire temple, Silk Road bridge, etc.
Nemrut Dag
The stunning ruins of Nemrut Dag is located in the Adıyaman Province of southeastern Turkey. The rich history of this heritage site secured a lasting place in history and is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Nemrut Dag’s ancient stone tombs and colossal statues ruins date back to the 1st century B.C. The tombs were built by King Antiochos I of Commagene. The site includes various ruins, including the five giant limestone statues and the tomb of King Antiochos I of the Hellenistic period. Besides the heritage site, travellers can enjoy the view of the surrounding landscape, sunset, and sunrise, which captivates all explorers.
Hattusa
Hattusa, the capital of the Hittite Empire, is located in the Bogazkale District, Corum province, central Anatolian region of Turkey. Hattusa is referred to as the Bogazkale Archaeological Site. The famous marvels of this site are the beautifully carved Lion’s Gate, Royal Gate and the rock art. The stunning city is surrounded by a massive wall that is 8 km in length, gateways, a Sphinx Gate, etc. The ruins of a temple in the lower city date back to the 13th century B.C. The popular rock art sanctuary of Yazilikaya and the open-air temple are cut into bedrock, reflecting the richness of Hittite art and architecture.
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Ephesus
Ephesus is referred to as the pearl of western Turkey. The ancient Greek city is located towards the south of Izmir, Turkey, and it played a significant role in promoting trade during the Mediterranean period. Ephesus is one of the most famous tourist attractions in Turkey. The city is home to one of the seven wonders of the world, the Temple of Artemis. Ephesus, being one of the second largest cities during the Roman period, is one of the best examples to explore the ancient port city and harbor. The other famous attractions of the site are the terrace house, house of the Virgin Mary, Cathedral of Saint John, Mosque and the Library of Celsus ruins.
Diyarbakir Fortress
The majestic castle or Diyarbakir Fortress is situated in Sur, Turkey’s Diyarbakir province. The fortress is popular along with the lush Hevsel Gardens surrounding the fortress. The history of the Diyarbakir Fortress dates back to the period of the Roman Empire. The castle was constructed along the banks of the Tigris River and it was home to diverse civilizations such as Sassanid, Roman, Islamic, Byzantine, and Ottoman. The Diyarbakir Fortress encompasses the majestic tall and long walls, the inner castle, Hevsel gardens, the four gates, watchtowers and the inscription on the wall. Travellers can take a look at the Ten-Eyed Bridge, a top attraction of the fortress.
City of Pergamon
The historic city of Pergamon is the best tourist spot in the Bergama district of Izmir. The ruins of the ancient city showcase the significance of the brilliant architectural techniques used during the 3rd century B.C. The city was built along the slopes of Kate Hill. The city of Pergamon includes the ruins of Zeus Altar, Pergamon Library, the temple of Athena, a massive theatre built on the hillside, etc. The library is home to a collection of ancient scrolls. The theatre and other ruins are living monuments of the Hellenistic and Roman dynasties.
Exploring the historic and UNESCO World Heritage Sites in Turkey are important to get a glimpse on ancient civilization and human development. The heritage sites in Turkey give a fascinating story of human settlement, development, tradition and culture. Within the ruins of the heritage site the rich history of the country is highlighted.
Summary
- The UNESCO World Heritage Sites of Turkey showcases the rich culture and diverse civilization of the land
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